Although the term “nonbinary” appeared in the 1960s, it has only recently become well-known. The use of the term multiplied tenfold from 2013 to 2019 and continues to increase. We begin by studying genders beyond the binary in historical and global contexts. Then we discuss the growing recognition of nonbinary gender in the twenty-first century, the conditions that enabled this to happen, and the lived experiences of nonbinary individuals in various contexts. We also consider nonbinary experiences in various social contexts, including ways in which allies can support nonbinary individuals.